Out of Stock: The Warehouse in the History of Capitalism
Dara Orenstein
Published:
2019
Online ISBN:
9780226663067
Print ISBN:
9780226662879
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Dara Orenstein
Pages
185–244
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Published:
November 2019
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OXFORD ACADEMIC STYLE
Orenstein, Dara, '“Plant Your Plant at a Home Away from Home, at Home”: The Subzone', Out of Stock: The Warehouse in the History of Capitalism (
CHICAGO STYLE
Orenstein, Dara. "“Plant Your Plant at a Home Away from Home, at Home”: The Subzone." In Out of Stock: The Warehouse in the History of Capitalism University of Chicago Press, 2019. Chicago Scholarship Online, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226663067.003.0006.
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Abstract
Declared dead in the mid-1950s, the foreign-trade zone (FTZ) system was flourishing by the mid-1980s, drawing headlines and even sparking congressional hearings. What accounted for this dramatic reversal? The spatial form of the subzone was the cause, coupled with the rise of the global assembly line, as this chapter explains. The subzone fixed the rigidity of the FTZ. It meant that the FTZ designation was portable to any warehouse or factory. Whereas the Ford Motor Company never would have moved to an FTZ under the old regulations, now the subzone would move to it. Indeed, auto manufacturers ranked as top users of the FTZ system beginning in the late 1970s, a moment when mayors of cities in the throes of deindustrialization were eager to lure investment with gimmicks like the subzone. This gambit was portrayed as lesser-evilism: it was better for the assembly plant to stay on U.S. soil, albeit off U.S. customs territory, than to leave altogether. But many observers, influenced by a new wave of Marxist scholars and activists, debated the impact of the FTZ system, mindful of the connections—architectural, legal, social—between the subzone and its more notorious counterpart in the Third World, the export-processing zone.
Keywords: congressional hearings, global assembly line, Ford Motor Company, auto manufacturers, mayors, deindustrialization, lesser-evilism, Marxist scholars, Third World, export-processing zone
Subject
Environmental History
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